Mulch

Wood Chips

Wood chips are a popular organic mulch option made from shredded tree bark and branches. They create a long-lasting barrier that suppresses weeds and gradually enriches the soil as they break down, though they may temporarily tie up nitrogen when first applied. 

Pros:

• Long-lasting and attractive

• Provides excellent weed suppression

• Slowly breaks down, gradually enriching the soil

Cons:

• Can tie up nitrogen initially; consider a nitrogen-rich fertilizer when first applying

• May be too coarse for delicate annuals if applied too thickly

Shredded Leaves

Shredded leaves offer an eco-friendly, cost-effective mulch choice that's often readily available. As they decompose, they improve soil structure and fertility, but be mindful that they can mat down if not evenly distributed.  

Pros:

• Readily available in many yards

• Improves soil structure as it decomposes

• Cost-effective and eco-friendly

Cons:

• May mat down and restrict water if not properly fluffed

• Can be messy if not evenly distributed

Straw or Hay

Straw or hay mulch is lightweight and works especially well in vegetable gardens. It effectively suppresses weeds and slowly adds organic matter to the soil, provided you use seed-free material to avoid unwanted plant growth. 

Pros:

• Excellent for vegetable gardens; minimizes weed growth

• Lightweight and easy to spread

• Breaks down slowly, adding organic matter over time

Cons:

• Must be free of weed seeds to avoid introducing unwanted plants

• Can shift in windy conditions unless properly anchored

Compost 

Compost used as mulch delivers a nutrient-rich boost to your garden. It enhances microbial activity and soil fertility as it breaks down, although it may require more frequent replenishment due to its rapid decomposition. 

Pros:

• Rich in nutrients, boosting soil fertility

• Enhances microbial life as it breaks down

• Versatile for various garden types

Cons:

• Can be heavier and may require more frequent replenishing compared to wood chips

• Might not provide as strong a barrier against weeds on its own

Gravel or Stone

Gravel or natural stone mulch is ideal for pathways and garden borders where low maintenance is key. While it offers a durable, long-lasting option that doesn't decompose, it doesn't add nutrients to the soil and can heat up in direct sunlight. 

Pros:

• Excellent for areas where you want low maintenance

• Provides a clean, modern look

• Does not decompose, so it lasts a long time

Cons:

• Not ideal for enriching soil or as a planting medium

• Can become hot in direct sunlight